Chapter 6 — Nominative and Accusative Parsing Drill

For each form, give: (a) Case, (b) Number, (c) Gender, (d) Lexical form (nom. sg.), (e) Function (subject / direct object / predicate nominative / article). Click ▶ Answer to reveal.

Key reminder — Neuter Rule: In neuter nouns, nominative = accusative = vocative (both singular and plural). Context must determine function. · Article nom. forms: ὁ, ἡ, οἱ, αἱ — these four do not begin with τ. All others do.

Part A — Masculine Nouns and Article

Parse each form and state its function in a sentence.

#FormCaseNumberGenderLexical FormFunction
1λόγος
Nominative · Singular · Masculine · λόγος · Subject (or predicate nominative)
2λόγον
Accusative · Singular · Masculine · λόγος · Direct object
3λόγοι
Nominative · Plural · Masculine · λόγος · Subject
4λόγους
Accusative · Plural · Masculine · λόγος · Direct object
5
Nominative · Singular · Masculine · ὁ (definite article) · Article modifying a masculine singular nominative noun — e.g., ὁ λόγος
6τόν
Accusative · Singular · Masculine · ὁ (article) · Article modifying a masculine singular accusative noun — e.g., τὸν κόσμον
7οἱ
Nominative · Plural · Masculine · ὁ (article) · Article modifying masculine plural nominative noun — note: οἱ does NOT begin with τ
8τούς
Accusative · Plural · Masculine · ὁ (article) · Article modifying masculine plural accusative noun
9κύριον
Accusative · Singular · Masculine · κύριος · Direct object — "Lord" as receiver of action
10κύριοι
Nominative · Plural · Masculine · κύριος · Subject — "lords/masters" as doers of action

Part B — Neuter Nouns, Article, and Mixed

Remember: neuter nominative = neuter accusative. Context decides function.

#FormCaseNumberGenderLexical FormFunction / Notes
11ἔργον
Nom. or Acc. · Singular · Neuter · ἔργον · Subject or direct object — neuter sg. nom. and acc. are identical (-ον)
12ἔργα
Nom. or Acc. · Plural · Neuter · ἔργον · Subject or direct object — neuter pl. nom. and acc. are identical (-α)
13τό
Nom. or Acc. · Singular · Neuter · ὁ (article) · Article modifying neuter singular noun — nom. and acc. identical: τό
14τά
Nom. or Acc. · Plural · Neuter · ὁ (article) · Article modifying neuter plural noun — nom. and acc. identical: τά
15εὐαγγέλιον
Nom. or Acc. · Singular · Neuter · εὐαγγέλιον · Subject or direct object — "gospel" — 2nd declension neuter
16εὐαγγέλια
Nom. or Acc. · Plural · Neuter · εὐαγγέλιον · Subject or direct object — "gospels"
17θεός
Nominative · Singular · Masculine · θεός · Subject or predicate nominative — without article: qualitative or indefinite (context decides); John 1:1 uses anarthrous θεός as predicate nominative
18θεόν
Accusative · Singular · Masculine · θεός · Direct object — "God" receiving the action; e.g., ἀγαπῶμεν τὸν θεόν
19κόσμοι
Nominative · Plural · Masculine · κόσμος · Subject — rare in NT (κόσμος almost always singular), but grammatically valid
20ἔργα
Nom. or Acc. · Plural · Neuter · ἔργον · Subject or direct object — same form as #12; reinforces that neuter plural -α is ambiguous without context

Part C — Context Sentences

Parse the bold form and translate the whole sentence.

#SentenceBold Form: ParseTranslation
C1ὁ θεὸς ἀγαπᾷ τὸν κόσμον
τὸν κόσμον: Accusative singular masculine — article + noun, direct object of ἀγαπᾷ · Translation: "God loves the world" (cf. John 3:16)
C2ὁ λόγος θεὸς ἦν
θεός: Nominative singular masculine — predicate nominative; no article = qualitative ("what the Word is in nature/character") · Translation: "The Word was God" (John 1:1)
C3βλέπω τὰ ἔργα
τὰ ἔργα: Accusative plural neuter — article + noun, direct object of βλέπω · Translation: "I see the works/deeds"